There are various forms of bipolar disorder treatments, but mainly three kinds are effective: Electroconvulsive therapy, Benzodiazepines, and Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy. Let’s examine each of these forms to learn more about them. Bipolar disorder is a mental illness that is characterized by episodes of extreme mania and depression. The symptoms of bipolar disorder vary from person to person. However, there are some basic characteristics that help determine whether you have the condition.
Electroconvulsive therapy
If you suffer from a severe episode of bipolar disorder, you may benefit from ECT. This type of treatment is effective in treating the disorder in 75 percent of cases. It is typically performed under anesthesia by a team that includes a psychotherapist, anesthesiologist, and an assistant. The professionals pass a small amount of electricity through electrode pads placed on the patient’s head. The current causes a brief seizure. The entire process lasts five to 10 minutes.
While electroconvulsive therapy is associated with a higher risk of switch-over from depression to mania and hypomania, there are fewer instances of these occurrences. According to a study by Bailine et al., 9% of 220 depressed patients tended to score in the mild-to-moderate range at the end of ECT. Continuation of electroconvulsive therapy may help to treat treatment-emergent hypomania.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines are widely prescribed as bipolar disorder treatments. They have many benefits, including reducing agitation and anxiety, normalizing sleep, and promoting sedation. However, they can have serious side effects, and are only recommended for short-term use. To ensure safety and effectiveness, they should be prescribed by a licensed mental health professional. The following are possible side effects of benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines have significant side effects. Long-term use can increase the risk of addiction, which is one of the main causes of bipolar disorder. Earlier studies had marketed these drugs as non-addictive alternatives. However, recent studies have shown that benzodiazepines and Z-drugs can also cause dependence and misuse. Benzodiazepines can be harmful if used for prolonged periods. This is why early treatment is essential for those with the condition.
The goal of IPSRT is to help patients stabilize their social rhythms so that they are less susceptible to disruptions in their biological cycles. This method involves focusing on interpersonal relationships and negotiating major roles in one’s life. It can also be helpful for those coping with grief and loss, as these experiences often disrupt social rhythms. The research supports this approach, which can be used to treat bipolar disorder and relapse.
During the initial phase, patients will begin to track their social rhythm for a week. This phase will focus on developing self-confidence, establishing a routine, and reducing daily distress. This therapy is typically completed in phases, with the first phase lasting a week. The second phase, known as maintenance, focuses on reinforcing the skills learned during the initial phase. In addition, patients will be encouraged to maintain these social rhythms by practicing self-talk and social coping strategies.
Psychiatric medications
Despite the growing awareness of the need for treatment for bipolar disorder, the stigma associated with mental illnesses continues to be significant. While the stigma of depression and schizophrenia has been lessened in recent decades, that stigma is still very much present in bipolar disorder. The study participants are primarily white, middle-class, heterosexual, and from middle-class backgrounds. As such, their psychiatric diagnosis may not accurately reflect the reality of the disorder.
In the study, participants ranged in age from 25 to 54 years old. The majority of participants were undergoing psychiatric treatment, including psychiatric medications. Five of the six participants had previous depression diagnoses, including bipolar disorder. One of the study participants had also been in alcoholism treatment. All were taking psychiatric medications for bipolar disorder. Darlene had previously been hospitalized for mental health problems. Jodi, Sarah, and Rose had each attempted suicide.
Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy for bipolar disorder focuses on the non-pharmacological aspects of the condition. Medication alone does not address all of the underlying problems that contribute to the illness, including non-adherence and functional impairment. Psychotherapy aims to address these issues and has shown promise in improving adherence to medications. Psychosocial interventions are most effective when they are initiated early, before a patient’s symptoms worsen. There is currently no standard treatment for bipolar disorder, although pharmacotherapy is often used in conjunction with psychosocial interventions.
In addition to providing medication, psychotherapy for bipolar disorder may involve a patient’s education about the condition. Psychoeducation involves helping a patient accept their diagnosis and explaining clinical features, and encouraging them to be proactive in managing their condition. The goal of psychoeducation is to help patients understand their condition and take action to improve their quality of life and adherence to treatment. The word “doctor” derives from the Latin verb docere, which means to teach.
